During nervous system development, combinatorial codes of regulators act to specify different neuronal subclasses. However, within any given subclass, there exists a further refinement, apparent in Drosophila and C. elegans at single-cell resolution. The mechanisms that act to specify final and unique neuronal cell fates are still unclear. In the Drosophila embryo, one well-studied motoneuron s...

We describe the asymptotic behavior of the cardinalities of the finite symmetric inverse semigroup ISn and its endomorphism semigroup. This is applied to show that |ISn|/|End(ISn)| is asymptotically 0, solving a problem of Schein and Teclezghi. We also apply our results to compute the distributions of elements from ISn with respect to certain combinatorial properties, and to compute the generat...

The International Society of Nephrology (ISN) established the Young Nephrologists Committee (YNC) in 2007 to increase the awareness of the ISN mission and activities among younger nephrologists and thus increase their involvement. One of the primary aims of the YNC is to empower young nephrologists from developing countries by providing education and mentoring support. This is being achieved by...

We obtain several combinatorial results about chains, cycles and orbits of the elements of the symmetric inverse semigroup ISn and the set Tn of nilpotent elements in ISn. We also get some estimates for the growth of |ISn| and |Tn|, and study random products of elements from ISn.

We obtain several combinatorial results about chains, cycles and orbits of the elements of the symmetric inverse semigroup ISn and the set Tn of nilpotent elements in ISn. We also get some estimates for the growth of |ISn| and |Tn|, and study random products of elements from ISn.

Aim: To observe the various morphological presentations of SLE on renal biopsy in terms of ISN / RPS classification. Settings and Design: Simple descriptive study, conducted in the Morbid Anatomy & Histopathology Department, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Methods: We studied 30 biopsy samples of patients diagnosed as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus according to American Rheumatism Associat...

BACKGROUND The International Society of Nephrology/ Renal Pathology Society classification (ISN/RPS) of lupus glomerulonephritis (GN) divides diffuse GN (>/=50% involvement) into diffuse segmental (IV-S) and diffuse global GN (IV-G). This division tests whether the pathogenesis and clinical outcomes are the same as when similar patients are classified using the World Health Organization (WHO) c...

The phenomenon of pioneer neurons has been known for almost a century, but so far we have little insights into mechanisms and molecules involved. Here, we study the formation of the Drosophila intersegmental motor nerve (ISN). We show that aCC/RP2 and U motor neurons grow together at the leading front of the ISN. Nevertheless, aCC/RP2 neurons are the pioneers, and U neurons are the followers, b...

In isolated, aequorin-injected ferret cardiac muscle we measured the apparent myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and its relationship to twitch relaxation time in the presence of autonomic perturbations. The Ca2+-tension relation was determined from the peak aequorin luminescence and peak twitch tension measured in muscles across a broad range of bathing [Ca2+] in the presence and absence of acetylch...

Finding out that you have herpes [2] can be a worrying experience, especially if you're unsure how this may affect your sex life and capacity to have a healthy child. Generally, for people with herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) [3], there is a risk of transmission to future sexual partners through oral, vaginal, and anal sex ? even if the infection is asymptomatic. However, the likelihood of ...